Graphene and fullerenes are unique forms of carbon that possess remarkable properties. Graphene consists of a single layer of carbon atoms arranged in a honeycomb structure. It is powerful, lightweight, and an excellent conductor of electricity, making it valuable for use in electronics, batteries, and medical devices. In contrast, fullerenes are carbon molecules shaped like balls, tubes, or cages. A well-known type resembles a soccer ball and is called a “buckyball.” Fullerenes are also strong and capable of encapsulating other substances, which makes them a focus of research in areas such as drug delivery, solar panels, and advanced materials. These materials play a significant role in the future of technology, and scientists share their latest findings and applications at events like the NanoTechnology World Conference.